Batch Oxidation System (BOS™)

Stage 1: Primary Chamber
The waste is introduced into the primary chambers unsorted, as received. No pre-processing or preparation is necessary prior to loading into the primary chambers. After loading the waste into the primary chamber(s) it is closed and sealed tight.

A flame from an auxiliary burner is ignited and run for a short period of time. The burners run until the gases flowing from the primary chamber reach a temperature of about 200°C. Once this temperature is achieved, the burner in the primary chamber shuts off automatically. The temperature of the gas is monitored and used as a feedback signal to the equipment control computer which controls among other the fans and burners. Under most conditions the burner in the primary chamber runs for less than 10 minutes each batch (once per day).

The combustion procedure in the primary combustion chamber takes place under starved air (Substoiciometric) conditions. As the combustion bed is not disturbed or agitated during this process, (such as if additional waste is being introduced to the chamber), a perfect environment for very low particulate carry over and low emissions is created within the chamber.

Stage 2: Secondary Chamber
The combustion and waste volume reduction progresses mostly downward, from the top of the waste load. The waste exposed near the top increases in temperature until it reaches its vaporization point, which occurs at relatively low temperatures due to the oxygen starvation. This combustible vapor is driven off to the already preheated secondary combustion chamber where it is mixed with additional air where it burns at higher temperature under violent turbulence.

Stage 3: Energy Recovery
The cBOS™ allows 24 hour release of energy to a recovery boiler. Furthermore, the precise control of all air sources enables accurate and even control rate of hot gas production. Signals from the energy recovery package are required for safe operation of the overall system. The Waste2Energy control system will offer to accept as a minimum two signals from the energy recovery equipment. One input signal indicating if the recovery system is able to process the hot gases or not. And the other signal indicating if reduced flow is required by the energy recovery equipment. Steam or gases can be delivered as power to an industry or used to drive a turbine for electric power generation.

Stage 4: Electric Power Generation
The power generating steam turbines are coupled to drive large generators that produce electricity. The electrical power will be distributed through power grid networks to households, businesses and other power consumers. The turbine-generator units produce power at a constant frequency, e.g., 60 Hz, which matches the frequency of the grid ("load frequency"). The speed set-point of the turbine is selected to drive the generator to produce current at the frequency required by the load, e.g., 60 Hz.

Stage 5: Environmental Performance
Our facilities have passed the most rigorous permitting processes and comply with the requirements of regulatory bodies including:

  • The EU Industrial Emissions Directives
  • The EU Waste Incineration Directives
  • Pollution Prevention and Control
  • US Environmental Protection Agency
  • Ash TCLP tests
  • Ash Non-leachability tests